Agar & Attar

Liquid gold · তরল সোনা

The craft that made Sujanagar famous

In Sujanagar, agar trees grow beside almost every home. Inside the trunk of the Aquilaria tree, a dark, fragrant resin slowly forms. Distilled with patience and skill, it becomes attar (oud oil), one of the most precious perfumes in the world.

Agar cultivation here is around 400 years old. Organised cultivation and trade in Barlekha are documented from the 1940s, the sector was declared an industry in 2015, and in 2024 Moulvibazar’s agar-attar was recognised as a Geographical Indication (GI) product of Bangladesh.

~250 small and medium factories in Sujanagar Union

40,000–50,000 people in Moulvibazar work directly or indirectly in the industry

7–8 years from planting a tree to the first attar

Infographic showing the eight steps of making attar in Sujanagar: plant, nail, wait, fell and sort, chip, soak, distil and collect

Watch · দেখুন

See it made in Sujanagar

আগর আতরের স্বর্গরাজ্য বড়লেখার সুজানগর · Video by Orakatul Jannat on YouTube

Step by step · ধাপে ধাপে

How attar is made in Sujanagar

  • 1. রোপণ · Planting Agar (Aquilaria) saplings are planted around homes, along roads and on family land. They grow for five to six years before they are ready.
  • 2. পেরেক মারা · Nailing Skilled workers hammer iron nails into the trunk, about an inch apart. The wounds make the tree produce resin to protect itself.
  • 3. অপেক্ষা · Waiting Over the following years, resin builds up around each nail and turns the wood dark and fragrant. From planting to harvest takes around seven to eight years.
  • 4. কাটা ও বাছাই · Felling and sorting The tree is felled and cut into strips, and every nail is pulled out by hand. The dark resinous wood is separated from the pale wood and graded.
  • 5. টুকরো করা · Chipping Men and women, often working together at home, cut the wood into small chips. The finest pieces are kept aside to be sold as agarwood.
  • 6. ভেজানো · Soaking The chips are soaked in drums of water for 15 days to a month, which softens the wood and helps release the oil.
  • 7. পাতন · Distillation The soaked chips are boiled continuously in steel pots (degchi), usually over gas fires. Steam carries the oil through pipes, where it cools and drips into collecting pots.
  • 8. আতর সংগ্রহ · Collecting the attar The attar rises to the top of the water and is carefully separated, then stored in glass bottles. It is sold by the tola (about 11.66 grams) or by the litre for export.

Grades and prices · মান ও দাম

What agar and attar are worth

Agarwood is graded by how much resin it holds. Local names for the grades include Double Super, Agar Proper, Kolagachi Agar and Dom Agar.

ProductTypical price (2023)
Raw attar, sold locallyTk 6,000–12,000 per tola
Liquid attar for exportTk 6–14 lakh per litre
Mature natural agarwoodTk 80,000–1 lakh per kg
Ordinary agarwoodTk 200–1,000 per kg
Prices reported by Bonik Barta, August 2023. Prices vary with quality.

Beyond the bottle

Trade, by-products and challenges

To the Middle East and beyond

Raw attar and agarwood go to Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, Malaysia and Europe. Around 5,000 litres of raw attar leave Moulvibazar every year.

Nothing is wasted

The finest agarwood chips are burned as incense (bakhoor) at gatherings across the Gulf, and a fragrant compound oil made with the same equipment is used in Unani medicine.

Challenges for producers

Rising gas prices and wages, export permits (CITES certificates) and limited capital make life hard for small family factories. Most attar is still exported raw, without local value added.

Proud of our heritage

Agar and attar have supported Sujanagar’s families for generations. Learn more about our home, or support our work in the community.